Onychomycosis - Damage to fungal infections. The disease occurs in 5-10% of the population and, among other things, the nail injuries are about 30%.
The causes of onychomycosis
Infection of the feet of the legs is mainly in public baths, saunas and swimming pools. Pathogenic mushroom scales that fall into patients with onycomicosis, on the floor, benches, rods, paths, rugs and litter. With high humidity, fungi can not only persist for a long time, but also reproduce, especially on the unchanged wooden benches and grids, which makes them an intense source of infection.
Often onychomycosis spreads into the family when general shoes, towels, a foster manufacturer, inadequate the bathroom after washing, and the bathroom carpets and grids. Damage to the nails of the hands usually occurs when the seal is combed on the skin.
The occurrence of onychomycosis is facilitated by nails, especially multiple (athletes), blood supply to the limbs, severe, simultaneous diseases (diabetes, immune deficiency, blood disease).
Onychomycosis is often found in individuals who have long received antibacterial, corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. Lasion of nail plates occurs for the second time: fungi first affect interdigital folds or soles and then nails.
The three types of onychomycosis can be distinguished all over the world:
- Normotorophical,
- hypertrophic
- Atrophic.
In the case of smooth onycomicosis, only the color of the nails varies: their extreme class, spots and strips, which varies with white. Gradually, the whole nail changes the color, maintaining glow and normal thickness.
Hypertrophic type, color change, nail loses its glow, blunt, thicken and deform, partly destroyed, especially from the pages. Patients often suffer pain when walking. A typical nail fungus is the dull brownish-gray color of the affected part of the nail, its thinning and rejection of the box; The naked area is covered with loose layers.
We treat the mushrooms
Local antifungal agents are ineffective with injuries to nail plates. Processing with antifungal ointments, creams, solutions, varnishes preceded it by removing the mechanical area of the nail or using keratolytic plasters.
Mechanical removal consists of cutting or cutting with affected fragments of the nail plate.
The use of keratolytic plasters in the treatment of onychomycosis allows the nail to be softened, which results in easily and painlessly removing the surface of the nail bed with a dull scal or scissors.
A drug is used as a keratolytic agent containing 1% antifungal agent and 40% ointment. The ointment is applied to the surface of the nail and covered with the attached glue and bandage. After one day, the areas affected by Onychomycosis are cleaned. The procedures are performed daily until the affected nails are completely removed. In the future, as the affected nail is removed, the locals are used: antifungal varnishes.
- In the first month of treatment, a medicine is prescribed for 6-8 tablets (750-1000 mg) daily, on the second day on the second day, then until the growth of healthy nail plates, twice a week. It is taken in 3 servings with teaspoons of vegetable oil. The treatment of brushes with mycosis is 4-6 months, with foot-9-12 mycosis and up to 18 months.
- Treatment against fungal preparation only provides the cure for 40% of patients. The combination of nail removal increases the percentage of the cure. At the same time, many side effects and high percentage of the relapse of the disease restrict its use.
In order to succeed and safely treat onychomycosis, it is advisable to adhere to certain rules with systemic antifungal drugs.
Above all, the diagnosis must be reliable. The medicine should not be prescribed if there is no laboratory reinforcement.
After the diagnosis is made, careful collection of allergic history is required. However, if allergic reactions or any other manifestations of intolerance are detected, they should be closed.
During systemic antimycots treatment, it is advisable to limit the use of other drugs, it is vital.
Prevention and treatment
In order to prevent gastric intestinal disorders, it is advisable to exclude products that cause buffering food during treatment: black bread, legumes, milk, cabbage.
It is not small importance to select comfortable shoes both during treatment and after completion. Improving the condition of the affected nail is often clearly correlated with the wearing of non -traumatic shoes, as pollination of the tissues caused by shoes can cause aggravation or the dyste of the nail onycommicosis. Before starting treatment, it is advisable to study the indicators of general and biochemical blood tests.
Control tests should be performed 2 weeks and then once a month. Control microscopy - 6 months after the end of treatment. Identification of the mycelium of the pathogen fungi is an indication for the second treatment with the preliminary surgical removal of the affected nails.
Prognosis to treat onychomycosis
Despite the fact that patients with onychomycosis have a high cure when using therapeutic agents, therapy with these drugs does not exclude the use of local antifungal drugs. The combination of conservative and surgical removal of nail plates reduces the time of taking systemic anti -bactericidal agents and increases the efficiency of treatment.